Abstract:

This paper explores the utilization of ANSYS software to replace traditional stainless steel in

Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) cylinders with a lightweight composite material called E Glass Epoxy.

The goal is to reduce the cylinder's weight through finite element analysis using ANSYS, adhering

to Libyan market standards. Stresses under internal pressure are analyzed and compared with

analytical solutions for steel cylinders. The study highlights weight reductions for steel and

composite LNG cylinders, emphasizing the practicality, utility, and safety considerations in

addressing the challenges faced by the Indian Gas supply system, especially for housewives

dealing with heavy stainless steel cylinders.

This project aims to provide a user-friendly alternative, maintaining gas storage efficiency while

significantly reducing cylinder weight

Abstract As more and more people turn to the cloud for their personal and professional purposes, cloud computing has become essential for the majority of users. Given the increased demand for cloud virtualization, the datacenter needs to be able to accommodate more virtual machines (VMs) that are housed on its servers. A datacenter employing old technology may accommodate up to 4096 VLANs, which would restrict the number of tenants it could serve. Spanning-Tree Protocol (SPT) is used by VLANs to remove loops, or duplicates, which block half of the routes and waste available bandwidth. The Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN), an emerging technology, must be used from there. It permits network segmentation similar to that of regular VLANs without obstructing traffic or reducing scalability. This study outlined both established and novel approaches and then clarified how to use them for data center topology. It also covered the drawbacks of utilizing conventional technologies. The benefits of cutting-edge technology and its superior influence on datacenter bandwidth utilization. To demonstrate how the new technology enhances data center performance, these technologies were finally replicated using the Eve emulator.

Abstract--

This paper presents the study if could design of a hydroelectric power station utilizing dam resources in the Western Mountain

region of Libya. Monthly data spanning three years was analyzed for each dam, focusing on energy production comparisons between

Wadi Ghan and Wadi Majinin dams from 2010 to 2012. Key factors examined include dam size, height, and water storage capacity, all

impacting energy production efficiency. Designed with a targeted production capacity of 30 MW per day, the project incorporates pumps

to recycle discharged water, preventing loss and optimizing resources. Data analysis was conducted using Excel. The economic viability

of the project is promising, as the station will enhance regional electricity supply while reducing dependence on conventional energy

sources. As a renewable and clean source, hydroelectric power minimizes harmful emissions and mitigates negative environmental

impacts. Establishing the station is also expected to support local infrastructure, stimulate the economy, and create job opportunities. In

the operational phase, hydroelectric power generation is anticipated to have lower costs compared to traditional energy

sources.Furthermore, raising the dam's water level is projected to boost energy output by increasing storage capacity and enhancing

hydrostatic pressure on the turbines, thus improving turbine efficiency and overall energy generation. These optimizations align with the

project’s objectives, contributing to increased energy output, economic viability, and the enhanced performance of the hydroelectric power

station

This paper presents the experimental results of the tensile, bending, hardness, hydrostatic testing, and microstructural properties of liquefied petroleum gas cylinders from local sources. The burst pressure and fracture sites were also investigated. In addition, know how LPG cylinders are compliant with ISO 4706 requirements as per standard to get approval and acceptance. The tests were performed on three samples (C1, C2, and C3), and all the tests were according to the specification. Tensile testing was carried out at room temperature (23C°) as per ISO 6892-2016. Tensile test specimens with a gauge length of 50 mm were prepared from the sidewall of cylinders. The equipment used is built up around a 250 KN maximum capacity of (Instron Servo-Hydraulic Testing Machine Model 1332). At the same time, micro-hardness testing was carried out as per ASTM A384. Diamond indenter (pyramid) with a face angle of 136° was used. During testing (1kg) load was applied on the sample with a dwell time of 15 seconds. As for bending tests were carried out in accordance with ISO 7438 for all cylinders to evaluate their welding qualities. The results of microstructural characterization show that the carbon content for all samples averaged ~ 0.067 wt.% and manganese ~ 0.46 wt.% and the microstructure was largely ferritic. The tensile strength of the parent metal showed that LPG gas cylinders recorded high tensile strength of ~ 418 MPa on average, yield strength of ~ 291 MPa on average, a % elongation 26.6 (for parent metal), the tensile strength of ~ 449 MPa as average, yield strength of ~ 314 MPa as average, % elongation 32 (for weld metal) and hardness of ~ 143 (kg/mm2) as average by Vickers scale. Moreover, in the hydrostatic pressure test, the computer controlled electro-hydraulic servo pressure test machine was used. The results of the hydrostatic pressure test were as follows, pressure burst (BP) 103 bar, nominal hoop stress 528 MPa, volumetric expansion 25%, hydrostatic extend ratio 3.9%, sites of failure exist out of welding, and finally no fragmentation observed regarding to fracture types. All samples tested exhibited high resilience to crack

propagation which showed ductile fracture after burst and tensile test

In this paper, the data filtering based recursive least squares algorithm for a CARAR systems, and data filtering based recursive least squares algorithm for a CARARMA systems are derived for comparison. These algorithms are based on the decomposition technique and in this technique, the main algorithm transform into two sub algorithms with smaller sizes. First, System identification model and another is the noise identification model. The problem here is the unknown variables in the information vectors and the used idea for solving this problem is to replacing these unknown variables with their corresponding estimates. Thus, the parameters of these two identification models can be estimated using recursive least squares method. Finally, a simulation example is provided to support the comparison between these proposed algorithms. KEYWORDS: identification algorithm; parameter estimation; filtering technique; decomposition technique; information vector.

It has been noted the wide spread of the use of composite materials due to their specific strength that made them the best alternative to many other materials, However, the high cost of synthetic fibers represents an obstacle to the use of composite materials in most applications. Therefore, research has tended to test natural fibers, which are the ideal solution for using composite materials in many industries such as furniture, flooring, decoration, and others. This paper concerned with the study of natural composite materials made of Libyan almond shells. Three different sizes of ground almond shells were studied: large size in the form of grains, medium size, and the small size (powder form). These crushed peels were mixed with the resinous polyester resin in four proportions: ratio of 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80. Three basic tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of the samples: impact test, tensile test, and flexural test. The results showed that samples made of almond peels in a powder form exhibits the best results among all other kind of specimens for three mentioned tests of mechanical properties.

Abstract

Depending on the type of configuration and connector arrangement, beam-to-column end-plate joints can be rigid, semi-rigid, or pinned. Fully restrained joints are required for rigid frames in which it is anticipated that the frame joints will have adequate rigidity to maintain the angles between intersecting parts in the service condition, ensuring full moment transfer. In contrast, partially restrained joints in semi-continuous frames are distinguished by relative rotations between crossing members, allowing the bending force to be transferred only partially. The concept of utilizing partially restricted, unstiffened joints in construction has gained traction since it looks to be more feasible and inexpensive. Bending transfer in partially constrained joints allows semi-continuous frames to withstand actions. Semi-continuous frames can survive actions due to bending transfer in partially restricted joints. At the same time, a certain degree of rotation is permitted, which improves the overall ductility of these structures. Using thinner end plates than those used in practical applications is one of the most effective ways to affect the ductility of end-plate beam-to-column joints. It was confirmed in a previous experimental study that the composite joints, where the thickness of the end plates is equivalent to about 60% of the diameter of the bolt used in composite joints, were taken into account in subsequent tests, and these studies can be confirmed using ABAQUS and Ls-Dyna modelling. All of these concerns are addressed, and recommendations for numerical modelling methodologies are made in order to ultimately analyse the reaction of the symmetric extended end plate joints with 8-bolts under hogging and sagging bending moments.

The emergence of China as a global superpower has presented numerous challenges, among which is the growing threat posed by Chinese cyber warfare units. Operating under the People's Liberation Army (PLA), these units have been implicated in various high-profile cyber-attacks targeting both civilian and military entities worldwide. This paper endeavors to offer a comprehensive analysis of the risks presented by Chinese cyber warfare units, encompassing their organizational structure, tactics, and capabilities. By elucidating the nature and extent of this menace, we hope to enable governments and organizations to implement measures for better protection against Chinese cyber-attacks, as 80% of them target government bodies. In this study, we utilize the MITRE ATT&CK framework as a foundation to deliver an accessible, informative overview.

A vehicle is a means of transportation, such as a car, truck, or train, that is capable of moving people or goods from one place to another. Vehicles can be classified based on various factors, such as the type of fuel they use (e.g. gasoline, diesel, electricity), the number of wheels they have (e.g. two, four, six), and their intended use (e.g. passenger transportation). Vehicles may have connectors, such as plug sockets or fuel ports, that allow them to be connected to other devices or systems to form Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) technology. For example, an Electric Vehicle (EV) may have a charging port that allows it to be connected to an electric power source to recharge its batteries such Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) as one of the V2X forms. One of the challenges in charging EVs is the availability of charging infrastructure. In many places, there are relatively few public charging stations, which can make it difficult for EV owners to find a place to charge their vehicles when they are away from home. Additionally, charging an electric vehicle can take significantly longer time than filling up a gasoline-powered vehicle, which can be inconvenient for some drivers. In this review, the various topologies of V2X, connectors, charging challenges, and EV impact types on the grid are conducted.