This paper describes the design and fabrication of an intelligent Irrigation control system that allows intelligent control of the water applied to the field at right amounts and times. The system should have the capabilities to measure the water content in the soil so water can be applied as needed. The WATERMARK soil moisture sensor based on the measurement of the soil tension will provide the measurement of the water content. The system measures the soil tension, soil temperature and rain status and records the data in a file for future reference. It will apply water to field if a certain level of soil water tension is reached. This intelligent Irrigation control system is suitable for universities, research centers and farms where a control of the soil water content is required. The system can be used to study the water requirements for crops so irrigation can be scheduled efficiently.

An article published in The New York Times on March 20, 2009 gives a very clear message of Libyan citizens: “We don’t need money, we need roads, we need health care, education, and we need an economy”. There are only 13 doctors, 48 nurses, 34 hospital beds per 10,000 people in Libya. Similar to this, ample evidences are available to prove that Libya has a poor healthcare system

 Buildings contribute significantly global environmental problems. Better design can minimize these impacts. Design Green Building (DGB) aims to reduce buildings' impact on the environment. However, the green design performance depends on design team attributes. In addition, the Governance System (GS) and Client Quality (CQ) as external factors have influence on Design Team Attributes (DTA) of green building. Approach: To identify mentioned factors questionnaire survey was conducted to collect dada required. A sample of 277 respondents has been covered under the study, including architects and engineers practicing design and consultancy building sectors. Analysis data includes descriptive and quantitative analysis by using SSPS software version 16 was carried out. A correlation and regression models was established to explore the relationship between identified factors. Results: Architect is most involved one during the design process of green buildings with mean 4.82 followed by mechanical and electrical engineers with mean 4.52 and 4.44 respectively, while structural and civil engineers, interior designers and quantity survivors were 3.71, 3.29 and 2.88 respectively. The most design team attributes were investigated have a significance degree of influence except design team reputation. On the other hand, the other hand, the Governance system and client quality have major influence on these attributes. Conclusion: Involvement and participation of all project stakeholders are required. Design team attributes are the key factors to improve green design performance. Governance system and client quality play major role to enhance design team attributes. Therefore, effective regulations and policies may increase performance of the green Effective design team management device should be applied to implement Design team attributes effectively in order to improve green design team performance. 

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to presents a methodology to assist in the performance improvement of the process. The purpose is to assist operation processes to control and reduce cost of operations.

Methodology/approach–The paper is based on literature studies, research and experience which can be applied by an organisation in order to identify the potential benefits.

Findings–This paper provides a methodology used in this paper suggested that there will be a significant opportunity to improve the performance of the majority of the existing assets. Through benchmarking, gaps are identified and an outline of a procedure to quantify existing gaps was provided. All the tools provided by the methodology of benchmarking within the process focus on quantifying a financial gap; this sets out the priorities and justifies the case for continuous improvement. The improvement in the time of the process will lead to an increase in the value of the production, thus creating financial savings.

Originality/value–This is the first attempt framework, measures and industry world class targets, to benchmark best manufacturing practices in a company at the oil sector in North Africa. The paper provides some useful insights and can help companies to implement best practices and benchmarking to improve their practices.

his paper provides a study to one of the web application and summarizes the concept of using dynamic websites in the Internet, so as to provide decision in education institutions with a suitable maters environment in order to achieve their tasks in a perfect way, also to help instructors and students to realize the educational objectives of the institution. In this paper the aspects and the importance of exchanging information between all the parties involved in the institution through reaching a high speed in performing tasks is addressed. In order to execute this work efficiently, a secure transformation and granting the right to access in a secure manner with respect to priorities were the first task to look at.

Activation energy for static recrystallization estimated in this work of 281kJ/mol is in excellent agreement with previously reported data (both experimental and mdeled) and indicates that difusion of Nb in austenite is most probably the rate controlling process

This paper deals with the routing optimization in IPV6 networks. It's the key processes of traffic engineering and network planning. Routing optimization provides a means to balance the traffic load in the network with the goal to improve the quality of service. The main objective of our routing optimization procedures is the minimization of the end-to-end delay, which is the total time of an individual packet to transfer from source to destination node. By optimized one of router's functions, this function is the packet classification. This work is done modify the packet classification operation in the router architecture by making it based on two tuples (source address and flow label) instead of the regular five tuples to classify the coming packets. Finally, to test and compare the performance of our algorithm, we used the network simulator NS-2,version 2.29. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm indeed helps to minimize the end-to-end delay as a result of router optimization.

The influence of vanadium and nitrogen on microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-carbon

steels has been studied by means of metallography and mechanical testing. Vanadium addition to the low

nitrogen steel suppresses the formation of ferrite–pearlite following the low reheating temperatures and microstructure

consists of bainitic sheaves. Increasing nitrogen at the same vanadium level promotes the acicular

ferrite formation. For high reheating temperatures, dominantly acicular ferrite structure in both the low

nitrogen and the high nitrogen vanadium steels is obtained. The results suggest that vanadium in solid solution

promotes the formation of bainite. The effect of nitrogen is related to the precipitation of VN particles in

austenite with high potency for intragranular nucleation of acicular ferrite and to the precipitation of V(C, N)

particles in ferrite with high potency for precipitation strengthening. Addition of both vanadium and nitrogen

considerably increases the strength level, while CVN20 impact energy increases on changing the microstructure

from bainitic ferrite to the fine ferrite–pearlite and acicular ferrite.

The rapid growth of advanced robots has given researchers unprecedented opportunities to explore and discover new fields of research where robots can be used to assist humans in their daily life. There are many applications that use robots and automation in different aspects of life such as industry, medical, domestic machines and etc. In this paper, the work has been devoted for the use of robotics and robots in cleaning process. The window cleaning robot is one of the robots that have emerged in recent decay. This robot can be used in homes, offices and large buildings. The main target is to design a robot that can clean glass windows efficiently and rapidly even in dangerous and hazardous places. The robot will be controlled using the Programmable Logic Controller PLC. The motion will generated by three servo motors.

The influence of vanadium and nitrogen on microstructure and mechanical properties of

medium-carbon steels has been studied by means of metallography and mechanical testing.

Vanadium addition to the low nitrogen steel suppresses the formation of ferrite-pearlite following

the low reheating temperatures and microstructure consists of bainitic sheaves. Increasing nitrogen

at the same vanadium level promotes the acicular ferrite formation. For high reheating temperatures,

dominantly acicular ferrite structure in both the low nitrogen and the high nitrogen vanadium steels

is obtained. The results suggest that vanadium in solid solution promotes the formation of bainite,

whereas the effect of nitrogen is related to the precipitation of VN particles in austenite with high

potency for intragranular nucleation of acicular ferrite and to the precipitation of V(C,N) particles in

ferrite with high potency for precipitation strengthening. Addition of both vanadium and nitrogen

considerably increases the strength level, while CVN20 impact energy increases on changing the

microstructure from bainitic ferrite to the fine ferrite-pearlite and acicular ferrite.